delsu post utme screening exam and aptitude test preparatory lecture 4
In all there are 35 topics to expect questions in delsu post utme exam. each of these topics will be covered in a seperate lectures
LECTURE 4: CODING AND DECODING
CODING AND DECODING
Coding is a system of signals. This is a method of transmitting information in the form of codes or signals without it being known by a third person
The Coding and Decoding Test is set up to judge the candidate’s ability.
TYPE 1: Letter Coding
1. A particular letter stands for another letter in letter coding
1. If COURSE is coded as FRXUVH, how is RACE coded in that code?
(A) HFDU (B) UCFH (C) UDFH (D) UDHF
In the given code, each letter is moved three steps forward than the corresponding letter in the word. So R is coded as U, A as D, C as F, E as H. Hence (C) is the answer.
2. If in a certain language FLOWER is written as EKNVDQ, what will be written as GNTRD?
(A) HEOUS (B) HOUES (C) HUOSE (D) HOUSE
Each letter of the word is one step ahead of the corresponding letter of the code.
E K N V D Q G N T R D
F L O W E R H O U S E
Thus HOUSE is written as GNTRD, So the answer is (D)
NOW TRY THIS
1. PMCK is related to TOGM, in the same way as ‘DRMB’ is related to
a. GTQB b. HTQD c. HSPD d. HTRE
2.If in a certain code language, SING is coded as SINGS, what will be the code for TRUST?
(a) SRUSTT (b) TRUSTS (c) STTRUS (d) RVSST
TYPE 2: Number Coding
In these questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word or alphabetical code values are assigned to numbers. The candidate is required to analyse the code as per directions.
There are two ways questions can be set on this
Case I: When numerical values are assigned to words
Case II: When alphabetical code values are assigned to the numbers.
NOW LET LOOK AT EACH CASE
Case I: When numerical values are assigned to words
1. If in a certain code ROPE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456 what will be the code for CRAPE?
(A) 73456 (B) 76421 (C) 77246 (D) 77123
Clearly, in the given code, the alphabets are coded as follows.
R O P E C H A I
6 8 2 1 7 3 4 5
So CRAPE is coded as 76421, So the answer is (B)
2. If MINJUR is coded as 312547 and TADA as 6898, how can MADURAI be coded ?
A. 3498178 B. 3894871 C. 3849781 D. 3894781
Answer: D . 3894781
Justification:
The alphabets are coded as shown below :
M I N J U R T A D
3 1 2 5 4 7 6 8 9
i.e. M is coded as 3,
A as 8,
D as 9,
U as 4,
R as 7 and
I as 1.
So, MADURAI is coded as 3894781.
TRY THIS
1. In a certain code language POWER is written as 61452 and COULD is written as 81379. How will the word COUPLE be written in that code language?
a. 913765 b. 831657 c. 813675 d. 812567
2. If HOME is 2541, SHOP is 8256, WORK is 9573, what is SMOKE?
(a) 85431 (b) 84531 (c) 84351 (d) 83451
3. If in a code language, 'PAINT' is written as 74128 and 'EXCEL' as 93596, then how 'ACCEPT' will be
written in that language?
(a) 455978 (b) 544978 (c) 554978 (d) 733961
4. If in a certain code RAKGE' is coded as 12345 And RANDOM' is coded as 123678. Then the code for the word 'MANGO wouId be
A. 82357 B. 89343 C. 84629 D. 82347
5. If in a certain language CHARCOAL is coded as 45164913 and MORALE is coded as 296137, how are the following words coded in that language ? REAL
A. 8519 B. 6713 C. 6513 D. 6719
6. If SHARP is coded as 58034 and PUSH as 4658, then RUSH is coded as
A. 3568 B. 3658 C. 3685 D. 3583
Case II: When alphabetical code values are assigned to the numbers.
1. In a certain code 3456 is coded as ROPE & 15546 is coded as APPLE. Then how is 54613 coded?
(A) RPPEO (B) ROPEA (C) POEAR (D) PAREO
Clearly in the given figures, the numbers are coded as follows.
3 4 5 6 1 4
R O P E A L
So 54613 is coded as POEAR. The answer is (C)
TYPE 3. Mixed Coding -
In this type of question, three or four complete messages are given in the coded language and the code for a particular word is asked.
To analyse such codes, any two messages bearing the common word are picked up. The common code word will mean that word. Proceeding similarly by picking up all possible combinations of two messages the entire message can be analysed.
1. If tee see pee means drink fruit juice, see kee lee means juice is sweet, and lee ree mee means he is intelligent, which word in that language means sweet?
(A) see (B) kee (C) lee (D) pee
In the first and the second statements the common word is juice and the common code word is see. So see means juice.
In the second and the third statements, the common word is ‘is’ and the common code is lee. So lee means is. Thus in the second statement, the remaining word sweet is coded as kee. Hence the answer is (B).
2. In a certain language, 'pre nat bis' means 'smoking is harmful';
'vog dor nat' means 'avoid harmful habit' and
'dor bis yel' means 'please avoid smoking'.
Which of the following means 'habit' in that language ?
A. vog B. nat C. dor D. bis E. None of these
Answer: A . vog
Justification:
In the first and second statements, the common code word is 'nat' and the common word is 'harmful'.
So, 'nat' stands for 'harmful'.
In the second and third statements, the common code word is 'dor' and the common word is 'avoid'.
So, 'dor' stands for 'avoid'.
TRY THIS
1. In a certain code ‘na pa ka so’ means ‘birds fly very high’ ‘ri so Ia pa’ means birds are very beautiful’ and ‘ti me ka bo’ means the parrots could fly’. Which of the following is the code for ‘high’ in that language?
a. na b. ka c. bo d. so
2.In a certain code language 'tor se pub' means 'Man and Woman', 'pub log rap' means 'Boy and Girl'.
What is the code for 'Man' in that code language?
(a) pub (b) se (c) tor (d) none of these
3.If 'gnr' tag zog qmp' stands for 'Seoul Olympic Organising Committee'; 'hyto gnr emf' stands for 'summer Olympic games' and 'esm sdr hyto' stands for 'modern games history', what would be the code for 'summer' ?
A. hyto B. gnr C. emf D. zog
TYPE 4: Numeric Coding
If PALAM could be given the code number 43, what code number can be given to SANTACRUZ ?
A. 75 B. 85 C. 120 D. 123
Answer: D . 123
Justification:
In the given code, A = 1,
B = 2,
C = 3,...... , Z = 26
So PALAM = 16 + 1 + 12 + 1 + 13 = 43.
Similarly, SANTACRUZ = 19 + 1 + 14 + 20 + 1 + 3 + 18 + 21 + 26 = 123
NOW TRY THIS
1. If Z = 26 and ACT = 24, then BAT will be equal to
a. 29 b. 241 c. 22 d. 23
2. If GIVE = 43 and OR = 33, then TAKE will be equal to
a. 38 b. 37 c. 36 d. 34
3.If Z = 52, and ACT = 48, then BAT will be equal to
(a) 39 (b) 41 (c) 44 (d) 46
4.If the alphabets A to Z are number 1 to 26 respectively what is the value of SUCCESS
A 82 B 102 C 89 D 92
2. If the alphabets A to Z are numbered 1 to 26 respectively, what is the value of TIME?
M 57 N 50 O 74 P 47
TYPE 5: LETTER NUMBER CODING
1. If REASON is coded as 5 and BELIEVED as 7, what is the code number for GOVERNMENT ?
A. 6 B. 8 C. 9 D. 10
Answer: C . 9
Justification:
Code for the given word = ( Number of letters in the word) - 1.
So, code for GOVERNMENT = 10 - 1 = 9.
TRY THIS
1. If MEAT is coded as 3 and EDUCATION as 8, what is the code number for GOVERNMENT ?
A. 6 B. 8 C. 9 D. 10
TYPE 6. Symbols Coding -
This is a kind of coding recently included in the Reasoning section. In this type of questions either alphabetical code values are assigned to symbols or symbols are assigned to alphabets. The candidate is required to analyse the code as per direction.
1. In a certain code ‘TOME’ is written as ' @ $ * ? ' and ARE is written as ‘ • £ ? ’ How can ‘REMOTE’ be written in that code?
(A) £ ? • $ @ ?
(B) @ ? * $ @ ?
(C) £ ? * $ @ ?
(D) Cannot be determined
(Sol: From the data we have
T - @
O - $
M - *
E - ?
A - •
R - £
E - ?
Hence REMOTE is coded as £ ? * $ @ ? So (C) is the answer.
NOW TRY THIS
1. In a certain code ORANGE is written as ? ÷ @ • + * and EAT is written as ‘ * @ $’. How can ROTATE be written in that code?
(A) ÷ ? $ @ * $ (B) ÷ ? $ @ • * (C) ÷ ? $ @ $ * (D) ÷ ? $ * • @
2. In a certain code ‘PALM’ is written as ‘ £ @ ? $ ’ and ‘ARM’ is written as ‘ @ * $ ’. How can ‘ALARM’ be written in that code?
(A) @ £ @ ? $ (B) @ $ ? £ @ (C) ? @ @ £ $ (D) @ ? @ £ $
3. In a certain code ‘HEAT’ is written as ‘ ? * $ @ ’ and ‘FINGER’ is written as ‘? £ • & * #’. How can ‘FATHER’ be written in that code?
(A) ? $ @ ? * # (B) $ @ ?? # * (C) @ ? ? # $ * (D) ?$ @ ? # *
4. In a certain code ‘BODE’ is written as ‘ @ $ * ? ’ and ‘EAT’ is written as ‘ ? • £ ’ How can ‘DEBATE’ be written in that code?
(A) ? * @ * £ • (B) * ? @ • £ ? (C) * ? @ * £ ? (D) Cannot be determined
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